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Docker Usage

Recommended Reading : 【Development Environment】 Operating System Index

1. Overview

2. Commands

3. Miscellaneous

1. Overview

⑴ Overview

① (Differentiating Concept) environment : A bundle where packages are stored

② docker : A container that not only stores packages but also instances that are the intermediate results of computations

③ Official Manual

⑵ Input Files

① Dockerfile : A set of Docker commands

○ Concept similar to source code. The file name must be ‘Dockerfile’

○ If using docker attach, must use SHELL commands

○ RUN : Installs during the creation of the image

○ CMD : Installs only once when the image is turned into a container (when the image is executed)

○ ENTRYPOINT : Like running jupyter

② build-image.sh : A set of Linux commands

③ docker-compose.yml : Configuration environment variables

④ app.py : Python executable file

⑤ requirements.txt : Required Python packages

⑶ Docker Creation Results

① image = blueprint

○ A blueprint with all the necessary packages and libraries installed for the desired project or functionality, along with various settings and initial values

○ Can be downloaded from https://hub.docker.com/

○ Examples: linux/amd64 python:3.9, linux/amd64 nvidia/cuda:11.2.2-cudnn8-devel-ubuntu20.04

② container = instance

○ The instance that is actually run or deployed by the user on the host, based on the image

③ node or host

○ The device or environment running Docker

2. Commands

○ Install Docker

○ Step 1. Install docker-ce

# For Ubuntu
sudo apt update
sudo apt install apt-transport-https ca-certificates curl software-properties-common
curl -fsSL https://download.docker.com/linux/ubuntu/gpg | sudo apt-key add -
sudo add-apt-repository "deb [arch=amd64] https://download.docker.com/linux/ubuntu $(lsb_release -cs) stable"
sudo apt update
sudo apt install docker-ce

# For CentOS
sudo yum install -y yum-utils device-mapper-persistent-data lvm2
sudo yum-config-manager --add-repo https://download.docker.com/linux/centos/docker-ce.repo
sudo yum install docker-ce

# For Fedora
sudo dnf -y install dnf-plugins-core
sudo dnf config-manager --add-repo https://download.docker.com/linux/fedora/docker-ce.repo
sudo dnf install docker-ce 

○ Step 2. Start docker

sudo systemctl start docker

○ Step 3. (Optional) Enable docker to start on boot

sudo systemctl enable docker

○ Step 4. Verify docker installation

sudo docker --version

○ Step 5. Run a container

# run a test container
sudo docker run hello-world

# run my new container 'jb'
sudo docker run -dit --name jb ubuntu

○ Step 6. Pull an image : Followed by the repository URL and image tag

sudo docker pull ubuntu:20.04

○ Step 7. Run a container from the image

sudo docker run -it --name my_container_name ubuntu:20.04 /bin/bash

○ Docker Commands:

○ docker images : List Docker images.

○ docker build : Generates a Docker container.

○ docker run : Executes a Docker container.

○ docker ps : List Docker containers. When you run docker ps -a, you can also see stopped containers.

○ docker attach Container_ID : Enter a specific Docker container.

○ docker exec Container_ID : Passes commands to a running Docker container. Almost similar to docker attach.

○ docker stats : Check the resources allocated to each container.

○ docker stop ID : Stop a specific container.

○ docker start ID : Start a specific container.

○ docker rm ID : Remove a specific container.

○ docker rmi ID : Remove a specific Docker image. Containers that use the image must be removed first.

○ Shortcuts:

○ ctrl + c : When a specific Docker container is active, pressing this key combination will stop that Docker container.

○ ctrl + p + q : When a specific Docker container is active, pressing this key combination will detach from the active Docker container.

3. Miscellaneous

⑴ Docker Web GUI Management Tool

Input : 2023.06.03 01:28